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Menopause: Menopause can cause the pelvic floor muscle to weaken and the bladder loses its elasticity.
Chronic cough: By causing the pelvic floor muscle to relax momentarily and leakage of urine.
Chronic constipation: An overfull bowel (due to constipation) can press on the bladder, reducing the amount of urine it can hold.
Gynaecological factors: Like uterovaginal prolapse (sagging) or pressure by large tumours like fibromyomas or an ovarian cyst or in distortion caused by endometriosis.
Urinary Incontinence: Who should do your assessment?
It is prudent to identify the type/cause of urinary incontinence accurately to devise a suitable treatment plan. The assessment ideally should be carried out by a highly qualified and experienced OBandGY Specialist/Consultant who is knowledgeable on the standards of ICS and able to have a holistic and specialized "Uro-Gynae Evaluation", select cases' suitability to a matching procedure(s) and personalise the treatment plan to maximise the success rate.
Urinary Incontinence: What does assessment entail?
Taking full medical history: Demographic, Obstetric, Gynaecological including info on lifestyle or daily habits, etc.
Urine analysis: It is an office procedure or at the lab where a mid-stream urine sample is checked for signs of infection, traces of blood or other abnormalities.
Bladder diary: A record of how much you drink and urinate for several days and whether you have the urge to urinate.
Post-void residual measurement: Using an ultrasound machine to measure the amount (volume) of urine leftover remaining in your bladder following urination.
Cystometry, Uroflowmetry, Urodynamic studies: That is the bladder function tests using very fine catheters threaded into the urine tube to measure the pressure changes inside the bladder wall and interpreted against the changes in pressure inside the tammy (intraabdominal pressure) gauged by another fine catheter that is passed through the back passage opening. The graphs of both pressures are recorded during urine provocation tests and during passing urine.