As oestrogen levels drop, supportive fat in the face, neck, hands and arms can cause wrinkles to appear.
Loss of Collagen and Elastin Production and Repair
Lowered oestrogen levels can result in a slowed production and repair of structural proteins (collagen and elastin) in the dermis of the skin. This can lead to loss of firmness, wrinkle formation and the skin can become lax. This lack of repair can be exacerbated if the skin is exposed to UV rays.
Thinner Epidermis (The Upper Skin Layer)
The blood flow in the dermal capillaries are reduced during the menopause and less nutrients and oxygen are available. This leads to thinning of the epidermis and a slower cell turnover rate. This can be accompanied by a reduced barrier function leading to water loss and dry skin.
More Prone to Sun Damage
The number of melanocytes (cells responsible for the production of melanin) reduces during menopause. This means that we have less protection (melanin is responsible for protecting the skin), making it more susceptible to sun damage. This can also mean more risk of hyperpigmentation/age spots.
Excess Oil Production
During menopause, as oestrogen levels decrease, testosterone is more prevalent in the body. Testosterone stimulates sebaceous glands to secrete thicker sebum resulting in oily skin and in some cases, adult acne.