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On the most basic level, a single hair can be separated into two halves; the follicle, which is underneath the skin, and its shaft which is what we see.
But even these two parts themselves have smaller constructions.
The stocking-like follicle of each hair is composed of an inner and outer layer and is attached to an array of muscles, a sebaceous gland, and a small projection called a papilla - which is tasked with feeding the only ‘living’ part of the hair (the bulb).